Historically, the United States has attracted a disproportionate share of elite STEM talent, with over half of Olympiad participants from China, India, and Korea building careers in the US, reaching an extraordinary 58% capture rate for India. However, newer cohorts exhibit significantly lower migration to the US, attributed to tighter immigration policies, rising geopolitical tensions, and expanding domestic opportunities in Asia. This shift transforms the AI race from a one-way brain drain into a more competitive global market for talent, where countries must both educate and retain top scientists and engineers.